MUSEUM OF THE FALLEN
Dominance is not eternal.

A Sumerian cuneiform stone tablet (AO 3866), inscribed in the Sumerian language, Louvre.

Gary Todd, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons · CC0

Dead Languages

Sumerian

1750 BCE

The first language ever written down, it outlived its own speakers by two thousand years as a dead tongue of priests and scribes.

Died
1750 BCE
Dead for
3,776 yrs
Cause of death
Assimilation
Replaced by
Akkadian
The Obituary

Sumerian was spoken in southern Mesopotamia and gave the world its first written records, pressed into clay in cuneiform script. A language isolate with no known relatives, it dominated the region through the third millennium BCE. As Akkadian-speaking peoples rose to power, Sumerian slowly faded from daily speech, dying out as a vernacular around 2000 to 1700 BCE. Yet it refused to vanish entirely: scribes preserved it as a sacred and scholarly language for another two thousand years.

Worth remembering

  • Sumerian cuneiform, scratched into clay tablets, is the earliest known writing system on Earth.
  • Long after no one spoke it, Babylonian and Assyrian scribes still learned it the way Europeans later learned Latin.

Sources

  1. Sumerian is a language isolate, the oldest attested written language, gradually replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language by around 2000 BCE. Wikipedia
  2. Sumerian was written in cuneiform and survived as a classical and liturgical language long after it died out in everyday speech. Encyclopaedia Britannica

A graveyard tradition: leave a stone to show you came, and remembered.

Buried nearby