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A catalogue of what humanity built & lost

The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) building in Karachi, Pakistan.

Anwar Ahmed · CC BY-SA 3.0

Bygone Companies

BCCI

Bank of Credit and Commerce International
1972 CE 1991 CE

The Bank of Credit and Commerce International — the 'Bank of Crooks and Criminals' — founded by Agha Hasan Abedi in 1972 and shut down across 78 countries in 1991 as one of history's largest financial frauds.

Born
1972 CE
Died
1991 CE
Lived
19 years
Dead for
35 yrs
At its peak
Operated in 78 countries; ~20 billion USD in assets
Cause of death
Overreach
The Obituary

BCCI — the Bank of Credit and Commerce International — was founded in 1972 by Pakistani banker Agha Hasan Abedi and grew into a sprawling institution operating in 78 countries. Deliberately structured across Luxembourg and the Cayman Islands to evade unified regulation, it built a hidden empire of money laundering, fraudulent loans, and accounts for drug traffickers, arms dealers, and intelligence agencies. After a Price Waterhouse audit exposed massive fraud, regulators in several countries seized its operations on 5 July 1991, freezing assets worldwide. Investigations revealed losses estimated in the billions, making it one of the largest banking frauds ever uncovered. Depositors lost much of their money.

Worth remembering

  • Critics dubbed it the 'Bank of Crooks and Criminals International' for its laundering and fraud.
  • It operated in 78 countries and engaged in money laundering, arms trafficking financing, and fictitious loans.

Gallery

Sources

  1. BCCI was shut down by regulators in 1991 amid revelations of fraud, money laundering, and an estimated multi-billion-dollar hole Wikipedia
  2. BCCI was closed in 1991 in what regulators called one of the largest banking frauds in history The New York Times
  3. The Bank of Credit and Commerce International, founded in 1972 and operating in more than 70 countries, was shut down by regulators in July 1991 as one of the largest banking frauds in history, having concealed massive losses and laundered money. Encyclopaedia Britannica

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Buried nearby — by shared fate or a neighbouring lifespan.